The Ilocano or Ilokano people are the third largest Filipino ethnolinguistic group. Aside from being referred to as Ilocanos, from "i"-from, and "looc"-bay, they also refer to themselves as Samtoy, from the Ilocano phrase "sao mi ditoy", meaning 'our language here.' The word "Ilocano" came from the word "Iloco" or "Yloco."



Area

Originally indigenous to the narrow coastal strip of northwestern Luzon, the migration of Ilocanos has been great. To this day, the Ilocanos are the dominant ethnic group in Northern Luzon, and their language, the linguæ francæ of the region. The Ilocanos are the majority in the provinces of Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Abra, La Union, Apayao, Cagayan, Isabela, Nueva Vizcaya, Quirino, Pangasinan, and Tarlac, and form a significant proportion of the populations of the provinces of Nueva Ecija, Aurora, Zambales, Benguet, Batanes, Ifugao, Kalinga, and Mountain Province. Further government-sponsored migrations have led to the resettlement of Ilocanos to Mindanao, particularly to the provinces of South Cotabato and Sultan Kudarat. There are also an important Ilocano communities in Manila, and the world over.


Demographics
Ilocanos number about 9,136,000. The Ilocanos are primarily of Austronesian stock, the same as with the rest of the Filipinos. Some are dark-skinned with large round eyes due to Aeta admixture. Others are fair-skinned and have almond eyes, owing to Chinese admixtures. Their homeland is the closest region in the Philippines to China. Many fair-skinned Ilocanos also have Spanish descent and other Ilocanos are city settlers having Indian and Arab blood. Few Ilocanos living in the Cordilleras also do have some Cordillerano blood. Ilocanos speak the Ilokano language (also called Iloko language), which is part of the Northern Philippine subgroup of the Malayo-Polynesian family of languages. They also speak Cebuano (in Mindanao), Tagalog, and English as second languages. Most Ilocanos are Roman Catholics, while a significant number belong to the Aglipayan Church (which originated in Ilocos Norte).


History
The Austronesian ancestors of the present-day Ilocanos came to the Philippines through bilogs, or outrigger boats during the Iron Age.


Spanish era
In 1572, when the Spanish conquistador Juan de Salcedo conquered the Ilocanos, he described them as being more barbarous than the Tagalogs. During the Spanish Colonial Era, the Ilocanos were one of the first ethnic groups to revolt against the Spaniards. The first Ilocano revolt occurred during 1661, when the Ilocanos proclaimed Pedro Almazan as their king. Almazan was executed by the Spaniards after the kingdom was dissolved. Diego Silang and his wife Gabriela Silang declared independence of Free Ilocos on 1762-1764 during the British occupation of Manila. The said republic was dissolved on September 20, 1763 through the execution of Silang and his Ilocano associates. During the American Colonial Period and up to the Independence Years, leaders encouraged the Ilocanos to resettle in Mindanao. On 1965, Ferdinand Marcos was the second Ilocano to be elected president of the Philippines. Under his presidency, thousands of Ilocanos benefited from his land reforms.


Present
The mounting population pressure due to the substantial population density during the mid-1800s caused the migration of the Ilocanos out of their historic homeland. By 1903, more than 290,000 Ilocanos migrated to Central Luzon, Cagayan Valley and Manila. More than 180,000 moved to Pangasinan, Tarlac, and Nueva Ecija. Almost 50,000 moved to Cagayan Valley; half of them resided in Isabela. Around 47,000 lived in Zambales.

The Ilocano Diaspora continued in 1906 when Ilocanos started to migrate to Hawaii and California. Ilocanos composed the largest number of expatriates in the United States, though most are bilingual with Tagalog. There is a significant Ilocano community in Hawaii, in which they make up more than 85% of the Filipino population.[1]

Later migrations brought Ilocanos to the Cordilleras, Aurora, Mindoro, Palawan, and Mindanao provinces of Sultan Kudarat, North Cotabato, and South Cotabato.


Culture
They are characterized as being hardworking and frugal, and they engage primarily in farming and fishing. The Ilocano culture represents very simple, sometimes spartan day-to-day living, focusing mostly on work and productivity, spending only on necessities and not on so much on ostentatious material possessions. Ilocanos also exemplify a great degree of respect and humility in their everyday dealings, much similar to their Tagalog counterparts.

Food

Pinakbet, one of the staples of the Ilocano diet.Ilocanos boast of a somewhat healthy diet heavy in boiled or steamed vegetables and freshwater fish, but are particularly fond of dishes flavored with bagoong, fermented fish that is often used instead of salt. Ilocanos often season boiled vegetables with bagoong monamon (fermented anchovy paste) to produce pinakbet. Local specialties include the soft white larvae of ants, and "jumping salad" of tiny, live shrimp.


Literature
The greatest Ilokano literary work written in Iloko is the Biag ni Lam-ang (the Life of Lam-Ang), an epic about the fantastic life and escapades of an Ilokano hero named Lam-ang.

Aside from 'Lam-Ang', the Ilocanos rank only second to Tagalog when it comes to literature. Ilocanos are also known for their beautiful folk songs, which are better preserved than those of the Tagalogs.


Notable Ilocanos
Elpidio Quirino, 6th President of the Philippines (1948–1953).
Ramon Magsaysay, 7th President of the Philippines (1953-1957).
Ferdinand Marcos, 10th President of the Philippines (1965–1986).
Fidel Ramos, 12th President of the Philippines (1992-1998).
Leona Florentino, famous woman poet.
Jose Burgos, Filipino priest and martyr during Spanish times.
Gregorio Aglipay, founder of the Aglipayan Church.
Josefa Llanes Escoda, women's rights activist, founder of the Girl Scouts of the Philippines.
Gloria Macapagal Arroyo – Filipino president, former secretary of Department of Social Welfare and Development, and former senator. Her mother is an Ilokano from Binalonan, Pangasinan.
Fabian Ver, former General and Chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines.
Diego Silang - leader, revolutionist.
Gabriela Silang - wife of Diego,revolutionist.
Carlos P. Romulo - famous statesman and former President of UN Assembly.
Juan Luna - famous Filipino painter,older brother of Antonio.
General Artemio Ricarte - first Philippine Army General.
General Antonio Luna - educated abroad, most brilliant and most abled General during Aguinaldo's era.
Lt. Gen. Edward Soriano - first Fil-Am General of the US Army (ret).
Maj. Gen. Antonio Taguba - second Fil-Am General of the US Army.
Danny Inosanto - Martial Artist, Bruce Lee's assistant.
Robert "Bobby" Jaworski - famous PBA player.
Jejomar Binay - Politician, Makati Mayor.

Americans of Ilocano ancestry
Carlos Bulosan, writer from Binalonan, Pangasinan.
Ben Cayetano, 5th Governor of Hawaii (1994-2002).
Brian Viloria, light flyweight boxing champion.
Benny Agbayani, NY baseball player.
Brie Galicinao – Head Coach-Softball UC Santa Barbara, Princeton University Grad
David Bunevacz - Athlete

ilocos sur

Ilocos Sur is a province of the Philippines located in the Ilocos Region in Luzon. Its capital is Vigan City and borders Ilocos Norte and Abra to the north, Mountain Province to the east, and La Union and Benguet to the south. To the west of Ilocos Sur is the South China Sea.

Ilocos Sur is subdivided into 32 municipalities and 2 cities.

Cities
Vigan City
Candon City

[edit] Municipalities
Alilem
Banayoyo
Bantay
Burgos
Cabugao
Caoayan
Cervantes
Galimuyod
Gregorio del Pilar (Concepcion)
Lidlidda
Magsingal
Nagbukel
Narvacan
Quirino (Angkaki)
Salcedo (Baugen)
San Emilio
San Esteban
San Ildefonso
San Juan (Lapog)
San Vicente
Santa
Santa Catalina
Santa Cruz
Santa Lucia
Santa Maria
Santiago
Santo Domingo
Sigay
Sinait
Sugpon
Suyo
Tagudin



Physical
Ilocos Sur is located along the western coast of Northern Luzon. It is bounded by Ilocos Norte on the north, Abra on the northeast, Mountain Province on the east, Benguet on the southeast, La Union on the south, and the China Sea on the west. Its area of 2,579.58 square kilometers occupies about 20.11% of the total land area of Region 1.

The topography of Ilocos Sur is undulating to rolling with elevations ranging from 10 to 1,700 meters above sea level.


History
Ilocos Sur was founded by the Spanish conquistador, Juan de Salcedo in 1572. It was formed when the north (now Ilocos Norte) split from the south (Ilocos Sur).

In 1942, the Japanese Imperial forces occupied in Ilocos Sur.

In 1945, beginning from the liberation in Ilocos sur founded of declaration to the Filipino soldiers and Ilocano guerrillas against the Japanese Imperial forces during the Second World War.


Tourist Spots
Tourism to the province is driven by airlines like Philippine Airlines and passenger coach bus lines like locally owned Farinas Transit Company and Partas.

- Heritage City of Vigan - inscribed in the UNESCO World Heritage List, because it houses the most intact example of a Spanish colonial town in Asia. Other spots include pottery making and other forms of cottage industries. It also has hotels built in the "bahay na bato" ("stone house") style. Also located in the city is the residence of Father Jose Burgos, which is open to the public; and the Syquia Mansion, which is the Vigan residence of former President Elpidio Quirino.

- Beaches - most notable Ilocos Sur beaches include those in Cabangtalan (in Sinait, also known as Imelda's Cove), Pug-os (in Cabugao); and the towns of Santa, Santa Maria, Santiago, San Esteban, and Candon.

- Churches - most notable of these churches include the Vigan Cathedral (which is the seat of the Archdiocese of Nueva Segovia, and where the remains of the Ilocano poet Leona Florentino is interred), Santa Maria Church (which is inscribed in the UNESCO World Heritage Sites list), and Sinait Church (which houses the miraculous Statue of the Black Nazarene).

- Nature Spots - Scenic spots include the Banaoang River in Bantay (an extension of the Abra River), Pinsal Falls in Santa Maria, and Pikkang Falls in San Juan.

Narvacan is a 2nd class municipality in the province of Ilocos Sur, Philippines.

Situated near the western coastline of the island of Luzon, Narvacan is nestled in a valley surrounded my mountains. A fertile region with a cool tropical climate, the principal crops of Narvacan are corn, cotton, indigo, rice, sugarcane and tobacco. Its residents are largely Roman Catholic and Methodist Christians who speak Ilocano.

According to the 2000 census, it has a population of 38,435 people in 7,803 households.

barangays:::
Abuor
Ambulogan
Aquib
Banglayan
Bantay Abot
Bulanos
Cadacad
Cagayungan
Camarao
Casilagan
Codoog
Dasay
Dinalaoan
Estancia
Lanipao
Lungog
Margaay
Marozo
Naguneg
Orence
Pantoc
Paratong
Parparia
Quinarayan
Rivadavia
San Antonio
San Jose
San Pablo
San Pedro
Santa Lucia
Sarmingan
Sucoc
Sulvec
Turod

HISTORY:::
Narvacan was discovered by a Spanish expeditionary force sent from Vigan by the military officer and navigator, Captain Juan de Salcedo. The Spanish expeditionary force was shipwrecked along the town's coast. When they were being rescued by the natives, the Spaniards asked the natives what was the name of their place. The resident's leader replied in an Ilocano dialect by asking the Spaniards "Nalbakan?" (Are you shipwrecked?). The Spaniards thought this to be the answer to their question, and from then on the place was referred to as Narvacan.

Salcedo befriended the small tribe of indigenous valley peoples that resided in the area while Spanish families established a township in 1576. As part of the modern township, a Roman Catholic parish was established by the Augustinian religious order on April 25, 1587. The Narvacan parish would become one of the first Roman Catholic parishes in present-day Ilocos Sur.

Narvacan was organized under the traditions of the royal government of Spain. The Habsburg royal family served as the heads of state which in turn appointed Santiago de Vera as President of the Royal Audiencia — governor over the region in which Narvacan was situated. In 1589, Governor Vera appointed Nicolas de Figueroa as the first Encomendero de Narvacan — principal administrator of the town and its neighbors in the encomienda system. His role eventually evolved into the office of alcalde — royal mayor of Narvacan.

william shakespear•

William Shakespeare (baptised 26 April 1564 – 23 April 1616)[a] was an English poet and playwright, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist.[1] He is often called England's national poet and the "Bard of Avon" (or simply "The Bard"). His surviving works consist of 38 plays,[b] 154 sonnets, two long narrative poems, and several other poems. His plays have been translated into every major living language, and are performed more often than those of any other playwright.[2]

Shakespeare was born and raised in Stratford-upon-Avon. At the age of 18 he married Anne Hathaway, who bore him three children: Susanna, and twins Hamnet and Judith. Between 1585 and 1592 he began a successful career in London as an actor, writer, and part owner of the playing company the Lord Chamberlain's Men, later known as the King's Men. He appears to have retired to Stratford around 1613, where he died three years later. Few records of Shakespeare's private life survive, and there has been considerable speculation about such matters as his sexuality, religious beliefs, and whether the works attributed to him were written by others.[3]

Shakespeare produced most of his known work between 1590 and 1613. His early plays were mainly comedies and histories, genres he raised to the peak of sophistication and artistry by the end of the sixteenth century. Next he wrote mainly tragedies until about 1608, including Hamlet, King Lear, and Macbeth, considered some of the finest examples in the English language. In his last phase, he wrote tragicomedies, also known as romances, and collaborated with other playwrights. Many of his plays were published in editions of varying quality and accuracy during his lifetime, and in 1623, two of his former theatrical colleagues published the First Folio, a collected edition of his dramatic works that included all but two of the plays now recognised as Shakespeare's.

Shakespeare was a respected poet and playwright in his own day, but his reputation did not rise to its present heights until the nineteenth century. The Romantics, in particular, acclaimed Shakespeare's genius, and the Victorians hero-worshipped Shakespeare with a reverence that George Bernard Shaw called "bardolatry".[4] In the twentieth century, his work was repeatedly adopted and rediscovered by new movements in scholarship and performance. His plays remain highly popular today and are consistently performed and reinterpreted in diverse cultural and political contexts throughout the world.

some sayings..♥

♥
time is the most playful element because it lengthens the minute when you wait and rushes the hour when you enjoy the moment.
♥


i got into a dibate where i had to argue why i love my friends,unfortunately i lost,because i could'nt give them lots of reason,i just said"if you know them,you'll know why"

all our young lives we search for someone to love.someone who makes us complete.we choose partners and change partners.we dance to a song on heartbreak and hope.all the while wondering if someone,somehow,there's someone perfect who might be searching for us.
♥distance is not for fearful,it is for the bold.it's for those who are willing to spend a lot of time lone in exchange for a littli time with the one they love.it's for those good thing when they see it even if they don't see it nearly enough♥
many people will walk in and out of your life but only true friends will leave footprints in your heart,.,•to handle yourself use your heart,to handle others use you heart•anger is only one letter short of danger•if someone betrays you once,it is their fault,if they betrey you twice it is your fault•great minds discuss ideas.average minds discuss events,small minds discuss people.•♥JUDGE ME and i'll prove you wrong.TELL ME WHAT TO DO ,and i'll tell you off,SAY IM NOT WORTH IT,and watch where im end up,CALL ME A BITCH and i'll show you one,SCREW ME OVER and i'll do it twice as bad,CALL ME CRAZY,but you really have no idea•♥